![]() ![]() When the Maryland Court of Appeals reversed that decision, leaving him with no compensation whatsoever, Barron appealed his case to the U.S. While Barron originally sued for $20,000, the county court awarded him only $4,500. Barron claimed that the city’s activities had violated the takings clause of the Fifth Amendment-that is, the city’s development efforts effectively allowed it to take his property without just compensation. Barron sued the city of Baltimore seeking compensation for his financial losses. Left nearly useless, the profitability of Barron’s wharf declined substantially. ![]() As the material accumulated, the water near Barron’s wharf decreased to a point that it became almost impossible for merchant ships to dock. The construction resulted in large quantities of dirt, sand, and sediment being swept downstream into the harbor, causing problems for wharf owners, including Barron, who depended on deep water to accommodate vessels. In 1831, the city of Baltimore undertook a series of street improvements that required diverting several small streams that emptied into Baltimore Harbor. The case involved John Barron, the owner of a busy and profitable deep-water wharf in Maryland’s Baltimore Harbor. ![]() Locke, therefore, believed liberty should be far-reaching. Murders, for example, forfeit their right to life since they act outside of Locke’s concept of the law of reason. ![]() To ensure the preservation of mankind, Locke reasoned that individuals should be free to make choices about how to conduct their own lives as long as their choices do not interfere with the liberty of others. Among these rights, wrote Locke, were “life, liberty, and property.” Locke believed that the most basic human law of nature is the preservation of mankind. In his classic 1689 essay Second Treatise of Government, Locke contended that all individuals are born with certain “inalienable” rights-God-given natural rights that governments could take way or grant. Though Jefferson left no personal record of it, many scholars believe he was motivated by the writings of the English philosopher John Locke. delivers his famous "I Have a Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial during the Freedom March on Washington in 1963. ![]()
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